How Does AEDs Works

An Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a life-saving device designed to treat individuals experiencing sudden cardiac arrest. These devices are user-friendly, portable, and capable of diagnosing and treating life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias through defibrillation. Here’s a detailed look at how an AED machine works:

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Understanding Cardiac Arrest

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Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart's electrical system malfunctions, leading to an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia). This disrupts the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively, which can cause a sudden loss of consciousness and, if not treated immediately, can be fatal. An AED can restore a normal heartbeat by delivering an electric shock to the heart.

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Components of an AED

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An AED consists of several key components:

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1. Power Source: A battery that powers the device.

2. Electrode Pads: Adhesive pads that are placed on the patient's chest to deliver the shock.

3. Microprocessor: Analyzes the heart's rhythm and determines if a shock is needed.

4. Display Screen: Provides visual instructions and feedback.

5. Voice Prompts: Offers audible instructions to guide the user through each step.

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How an AED Works

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1. Power On the Device: Most AEDs power on automatically when the lid is opened. If not, the user needs to press the power button. The device will begin providing audible and visual instructions.

2. Attach the Electrode Pads: The user places the adhesive electrode pads on the patient’s bare chest. One pad is placed on the upper right side of the chest and the other on the lower left side. This positioning allows the electric current to pass through the heart effectively.

3. Analyze the Heart Rhythm: Once the pads are in place, the AED will analyze the heart's rhythm. The device's microprocessor assesses whether the heart is in a shockable rhythm, such as ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia.

4. Determine the Need for a Shock: Based on its analysis, the AED will decide if a shock is necessary. The device will inform the user with voice prompts and visual cues. It’s crucial that no one is touching the patient during this time to avoid interference with the analysis.

5. Deliver the Shock: If the AED determines that a shock is needed, it will instruct the user to ensure everyone is clear of the patient. The user will then press the shock button to deliver the electrical shock. Some AEDs may deliver the shock automatically.

6. Post-Shock Instructions: After delivering the shock, the AED will provide further instructions, typically advising the user to begin CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) if trained to do so. The device will continue to monitor the patient’s heart rhythm and may prompt additional shocks if necessary.

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